Lung cancer screening is a medical test used to detect lung cancer at an early stage, before symptoms develop. Early detection can provide an opportunity for timely treatment and may improve outcomes for people who have a higher risk of developing lung cancer.

Who May Need Lung Cancer Screening?

Screening is generally considered for adults who have a significant history of cigarette smoking and are within the recommended age range for screening. Eligibility can vary based on age, smoking history, current smoking status, and individual risk factors. A healthcare professional can help determine whether screening is appropriate.

How Is Lung Cancer Screening Performed?

The primary screening method for people at increased risk is a low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan of the chest. LDCT uses a relatively low amount of radiation to create detailed images of the lungs and can identify certain abnormal areas that may require further evaluation.

Benefits of Lung Cancer Screening

• May detect lung cancer before symptoms appear
• Can identify some cancers at an earlier stage
• May allow treatment to begin earlier when appropriate
• Can help assess certain lung abnormalities in people at increased risk

Possible Limitations and Risks

• Screening involves exposure to a small amount of radiation
• Abnormal findings may require additional tests
• Some findings may turn out not to be cancer
• False-positive or false-negative results can occur
• Screening is not recommended for everyone

What Happens After an Abnormal Result?

An abnormal screening result does not necessarily mean that cancer is present. Depending on the findings, a healthcare professional may recommend follow-up imaging, additional testing, or referral to a specialist. The next steps are based on the size, appearance, and characteristics of the finding as well as the individual's overall risk.

Why Regular Screening Matters

For people who meet recommended screening criteria, regular screening can help identify changes in the lungs over time. Screening should be combined with smoking cessation and other measures that reduce the risk of lung cancer.

If you have a history of smoking or other lung cancer risk factors, speak with a qualified healthcare professional to determine whether lung cancer screening is suitable for you.